Working Principle of Ship Refrigeration Units
Release time:
2025-10-14
The operating principle of a ship's cold storage system is based on a refrigerant circulation system, which achieves cooling through three core processes: heat absorption by the evaporator, compression by the compressor, and heat release by the condenser.
The operating principle of a ship's cold storage system is based on a refrigerant circulation system, which achieves cooling through three core processes: heat absorption by the evaporator, compression by the compressor, and heat release by the condenser.
Refrigerant Circulation Process
Evaporation absorbs heat: The low-pressure liquid refrigerant enters the evaporator, where it absorbs heat from the cargo hold in the low-temperature environment and vaporizes into steam, causing the cargo hold temperature to drop.
Compression heating: The steam is drawn in and compressed by a compressor to a high-pressure state, causing its temperature to rise.
Condensation and Heat Release: High-temperature, high-pressure steam enters the condenser, where heat is dissipated through cooling (such as seawater or freshwater cooling), returning the steam to a liquid state for reuse in the cycle.
Key technical features
Thermal insulation design: The cargo hold is constructed using materials such as foam plastic and aluminum-polymer composites to minimize heat conduction and maintain a low-temperature environment.
Frequency conversion control: Optimizes energy consumption by adjusting the compressor frequency to match different cargo loads and temperature requirements.
Multi-modal cooling: Depending on the type of goods—for example, frozen foods require a brine system, while ordinary ingredients are cooled using air.
Application scenarios
Primarily used for refrigerated vessel transport, this method is particularly suitable for shipping seafood, where temperatures between -30℃ and -50℃ must be maintained to lock in freshness via quick-freezing tanks, thereby preventing spoilage of the cargo.
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